CD31-positive cells and lymphatic space surrounded by LYVE-1-positive cells increased significantly in conjunctival tissue post-DS, compared to control ( p = 0.0006, p < 0.0001, respectively). Immunohistochemistry for CD31 and LYVE-1 were performed. In Western blot analysis, conjunctival AQP5, MUC5AC, and CFTR expression increased significantly in response to DS, compared to control ( p = 0.039, 0.002, 0.039, respectively). At 20 min, the tear MUC5AC level doubled as compared to pre-DS ( p = 0.007). Corneal staining scores increased from 3-min post-DS exposure, while conjunctival staining increased from 20-min post-DS. To induce DS in the ocular surface, rabbit right eyelids were opened for 30 min, with blinking once/minute. We generated a rabbit model of short-term exposure keratopathy. We evaluate the difference in vulnerability to desiccating stress (DS) between the corneal and conjunctival epithelia to understand different ocular surface staining patterns in dry eye patients.
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